As the negative impacts of many shoreline management plans (SMP) have become evident, sustainable integrated approaches are becoming more widely used. 4: Wooden revetment (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sturdy_revetments_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1119250.jpg) by Evelyn Simak (https://www.geograph.org.uk/profile/14840) Licensed by CC BY-SA 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.en), Fig. Coastal erosion is the loss or displacement of land, or the long-term removal of sediment and rocks along the coastline due to the action of waves, currents, tides, wind-driven water, waterborne ice, or other impacts of storms. Create a more consistent water level that can be used for hydroelectricity. Coastal barrage partly submerging dam-like structures that control the tidal flow. This essay will look at three areas in the world where the management of the coastline is paramount to prevent further erosion and destruction of valuable ecological regions. http://www.wwf.org.au/ourwork/oceans/gbr/ {date accessed 16/06/10}, http://www.barrierreef.org/WhyResearch/TheReefandclimatechange.aspx#question_2 {date accessed 19/06/10}, http://www.jcu.edu.au/research/excellence/JCUPRD_036944.html {date accessed 19/06/10}, http://www.wwf.org.au/news/n244/ {date accessed 19/06/10}, http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/research/planning/104939.aspx {dare accessed 20/06/10}, http://www.marinet.org.uk/coastaldefences/smp.html {date accessed 20/06/10}, http://www.northsolentsmp.co.uk/media/adobe/5/4/North_Solent_SMP_Information_Pamphlet.pdf {date accessed 20/06/10}, Dove, J et al, OCR Geography A2, (2009), Heinmann, Harlow. Reference: Insights on India. The beach is made wider by using sand and shingle. The position of the coast is also a factor that needs to be considered as longshore drift causes large movement of sediment in a southerly direction. 2B.11 - Coastal Management - A-LEVEL GEOGRAPHY REVISION: EDEXCEL 2B.11 Coastal Management There are different approaches to managing the risks associated with coastal recession and flooding. Using relevant case studies at national, sub national and local level, we assess Low-lying coastal areas are high-risk areas regarding sea-level rise (SLR) due to the combination of low elevation, subsidence and currently low sediment supply, on the one hand, and their high natural and socio-economic values, on the other. In Phuket in Thailand, erosion has caused the loss of beaches. (6 marks) Camber Sands teaching resource. These do not exist in Scotland and Northern Ireland, where the devolved governments and local authorities are jointly responsible for coastal protection. The study revealed that . The location of the main channels remains relatively statics as the silts and clays are resistant to erosion. The reef is a vitally important area, firstly in terms of conserving the diverse wildlife and ecosystem that is there and secondly because it provides major security benefits to coastal communities and provides significant income for Australias economy in the form of tourism (http://www.wwf.org.au). Therefore a decision to protect one coastal community may not outweigh the disadvantages of exposing another community to increased erosion. They break up and dissipate wave energy. Coastal Management Case Study A Level Geography | Best Writers Finished paper ID 15031 Coastal Management Case Study A Level Geography Check your email inbox for instructions from us on how to reset your password. What are Mumbais social and economic opportunities? Sign up to highlight and take notes. Therefore, their only impact is to change where erosion is occurring. Which hard engineering approach is the most problematic? Local villages use ad hoc methods to try and stop the power of the waves, and hoteliers have resorted to sandbagging their resort area. For a CBA, the expected benefits must outweigh the costs for a project to go ahead. Free and expert-verified textbook solutions. They are similar to a sea wall but more sloping. The study results show areas at high risk for earthquake, landslide, fire and flood disasters and disaster mitigation measures to reduce risks to hazard, vulnerability and resilience factors. Please wait while we set up your subscription TurnItIn the anti-plagiarism experts are also used by: King's College London, Newcastle University, University of Bristol, University of Cambridge, WJEC, AQA, OCR and Edexcel, Business, Companies and Organisation, Activity, Height and Weight of Pupils and other Mayfield High School investigations, Lawrence Ferlinghetti: Two Scavengers in a Truck, Two Beautiful People in a Mercedes, Moniza Alvi: Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan, Changing Materials - The Earth and its Atmosphere, Fine Art, Design Studies, Art History, Crafts, European Languages, Literature and related subjects, Linguistics, Classics and related subjects, Structures, Objectives & External Influences, Global Interdependence & Economic Transition, Acquiring, Developing & Performance Skill, Sociological Differentiation & Stratification, Hard Engineering - Coastal Management - Isle of Wight, 28 miles of which are designated Heritage Coast. Disasters that often occur due to climate change and subsidence result in the destruction of coastal communities' property, loss of life, agricultural land cannot produce optimally, and tsunamis, tidal floods, and liquefaction are increasingly common. Overall, this resource aims to help students prepare effectively for their CBSE Class 12 Geography exams by providing a comprehensive set of most important questions and answers in the subject. How can we increase the amount of food produced globally? In cell 5c11, for example, (see appendix 4) the short term policy is to hold the line and continue to maintain existing flood defences, but in the longer term a policy of no active intervention would be adopted because it would become no longer economically viable to hold the line (see appendix 5) (www.northsolentsmp.co.uk). Hard Engineering - Coastal Management - Isle of Wight. Lecture notes - Aqa/cie a level coastal processes 4. Effective as they reduce the amount of erosion from waves as the waves break before - the energy dissipates. The Isle of Wight has 65 miles of spectacular coastline, 28 miles of which are designated Heritage Coast. (See figure below for an example of a large landslide on the Norfolk coast). The greater Miami area of south Florida faces higher than average sea level rise rates due to its location on the Atlantic seaboard (see Module 4). What are the impacts of industry on the physical environment? Lecture notes - A level geography: introduction to coasts 2. Fig. How has urbanisation helped Nigeria to develop? In 2004, reef industries contributed approximately $5.8 billion to the economy and employed 63,000 people (http://www.wwf.org.au). Why is the Human Development Index important? Chemical analysis of water samples, field observations, and a structured survey questionnaire was used to assess the state of the lagoon. Hard engineering involves building structures to protect the coast by using concrete, stone and steel. North Norfolk is a very good example of an area where the coast in under constant threat from erosion. Figure 2 Map of United Kingdom showing North Norfolk. Winners people who have gained from the decision which have been made either economically (property saved) or environmentally (habitats conserved), or socially (communities). There are two contrasting approaches to coastal management. Fortunately, the UK has frameworks in place for dealing with coastal management. The disadvantages are that the ongoing costs are high as the sediment needs replacing every few years as waves remove it. This is a plan that divides that GBRMP up into different zones and dictates where different types of activities can take place (Dove et al, 2009, pp73). Vegetation is planted as their roots help to stabilize the cliff structure and increase cohesion, consequently, the cliff will be more stable and less prone to cliff material slumping or sliding off. Also, covering the face of dunes with bundles of straw, branches and even waste Christmas trees in some areas increases sand accretion and protects dune vegetation. Coastal management must be sustainable; any strategy adopted must not cause unnecessary damage to the environment, peoples homes and livelihood and should not cost too much. -Being able to cope with the challenges of the environment. This varied coastline is one of the Islands main assets. Coastal management can be put into the four categories: By recreating a naturally functioning shoreline we free ourselves from the 'sea defence cycle' of construct, fail and reconstruct. How does geology affect the formation of river landforms? Soft engineering aims to work with and complement the physical environment by using natural coastal defence methods. Dunes act as a barrier and absorb wave energy reducing erosion and protecting against flooding. They are used to deflect the power of waves. How has rainforest vegetation adapted to the climate? This MSc programme encompasses the study of geological, geotechnical, hydrological, and meteorological hazards. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Allows beaches to build up. Have all your study materials in one place. The coast in this region is highly developed and is both strategically and economically important to the area. Required to compensate people who lose buildings and farmland. What is a cost-benefit analysis in terms of coastal management? Earthquakes Boulders were put in front of the sea wall to give it more protection and the beach was replenished with extra sand. An understanding of coastal management strategies is a requirement of all A level specifications. Following these devastating floods, a sea wall was built to prevent further erosion to the sand dunes and groynes were placed at Eccles to trap sediment and conserve the beach. Expensive to implement. Trees need to be sourced and require maintenance. In this Story Map you can learn about the issues facing a part of the Somerset coastline in the UK, and learn about current and potential future management strategies. This was effective at maintaining the beach here, but made beaches further south, including the beach at Sea Palling, become starved of sediment meaning that waves were able to undermine the sea wall causing further erosion. Having understood the spatial reality of coastal conflicts in Chilo, various proposals for the delimitation of coastal zones in different parts of the world were reviewed, especially from Ibero-American states (e.g., [56], [57], [41], [9], [47]).The fourth step consisted in selecting the delimitation criteria and grouping them into fisve categories: arbitrary, ecological and physical . What is the role of transnational companies in Nigeria? This is where all coastline elements (land, water, people, and the economy) are managed with one integrated strategy. This must surely be more cost effective in the long run and more desirable in terms of maintaining the coast's natural beauty. Has a substantial impact on the environment. It became apparent that a long term plan needed to be formulated, so in 1992 a number of measures were implemented. Where do volcanoes and earthquakes happen? Jamaica Case Study, How can the growth of tourism reduce the development gap? Ans: 5: Tidal barrage in France (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rance_tidal_power_plant.JPG) by User:Dani 7C3 (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Dani_7C3) Licensed by CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en), Fig.8: Beach grass to stabilise dunes at beaches (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Helmgras_kijkduin_februari_2005.JPG) by User:Ellywa (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Ellywa) Licensd by CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en). Why are deserts located along the tropics? What are the different types of coastal management? Hard engineering techniques are typically used to protect coastal settlements. Another area of the UK where effective coastal management is necessary is Southampton Water in Hampshire The region is home to a varied range of human activities including industry, commercial, residential and leisure uses. 2B.11A - Hard Engineering 2B.11B - Soft Engineering 2B.11C - Sustainable Management The Chemu lagoon is not immune to pollution through chemical waste contamination, refuse disposals, and untreated household sewage, and hence has been chosen as a case study. The areas where there is a policy of hold the line is where the coast is primarily given over to important areas of industry, settlement and conservation. This is where fences are erected seaward of the dunes preventing trampling from recreational beach users. Both commercial and tourist ships regularly cross the Great Barrier Reef area, which potentially could result in chemical and oil spills. Land use in coastal area includes tourism, fishing, industry and transport. (2 Marks) e) Describe the problems that can occur due to the large number of visitors. Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Management of the coastline is necessary to protect them from coastal erosion, flooding, and rising sea levels. What are active, dormant and extinct volcanoes? Fig. Rip-rap is relatively cheap, 13506000. What is migration and why do people migrate? Economic opportunities and challenges in Lagos. However, they may inhibit longshore drift and speed up the erosion process elsewhere. CBSE Class 12 Geography 5 Marks Question. Earn points, unlock badges and level up while studying. Can create erosion further down the coast. 1. These are holistic strategies; it is recognised that all the different sections of the coastline are interlinked and function together as a whole. StudySmarter is commited to creating, free, high quality explainations, opening education to all. What is the structure of the Temperate Deciduous Woodland? Coastal Management Case Study A Level Geography | Top Writers 4.7/5 Dr.Jeffrey (PhD) #4 in Global Rating Plagiarism report You are free to order a full plagiarism PDF report while placing the order or afterwards by contacting our Customer Support Team. Human activities are the reefs biggest threat. They are usually constructed of concrete with steel reinforcement and have deep pile foundations. Its becoming increasingly crucial for governments and individual councils to manage coastlines to protect them from coastal erosion and flooding due to changing sea levels. Software: eCognition. (See appendix 1, 2 and 3 for SMP maps). What does no active intervention mean in terms of an SMP? The United Kingdom also needs to manage its coastline as the next two case studies will show. How is demand for energy changing in the UK? The exposed chalk of Flamborough provides examples of erosion, features such as caves, arches and stacks. What are the disadvantages of a sea wall? How does food insecurity affect the environment? Coastal Management The graph shows erosion rates opposite to their specific locations. of the users don't pass the Coastal Management quiz! coastal areas must be regulated, the complexity and dynamic nature of land sea con - nections create challenges for governance systems. . This is a hard engineering method in coastal management (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Groyne_at_Mundesley,_Norfolk.JPG) by MichaelMaggs (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:MichaelMaggs) Licensed by CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en), Fig. To achieve this, a variety of teaching methods are employed, including: lectures, practicals, tutorials . (1 Mark) c) Explain how a beach is formed. This is because the area contains 'textbook' examples of coastal erosion and deposition. Coastal management must be sustainable; any strategy adopted must not cause unnecessary damage to the environment, people's homes and livelihood and should not cost too much. 1.4 Lagoons. Mappleton is served by the B1242, the main road connecting settlements along the Holderness Coast. Term. The Barrier Reef became a marine park in 1975 and was designated a World Heritage site in 1981 (Dove et al, 2009). Cost and benefits may be tangible (monetary value) or intangible (other effects such as visual impact). I am a Geographer conducting research in health geography and urban health in the University of Coimbra, Portugal. Dorsert is located on the southern coast of the UK. What are the advantages and disadvantages of a revetment? Approximately two-thirds of the worlds population live within a few kilometres of the coast. A Level regeneration case studies. Zoning has also had a positive effect on both the economy of Queensland and more widely, Australia as a whole. Partly submerged dam-like structures that control the tidal flow. It's over the long term, involves all the stakeholders and uses 'adaptive management' - changing plans as threats change. They cost $1 million dollars each, 80 metres long. Coasts are an important environment, and the underlying physical processes and management of the coast form a key part of the A-Level Geography specification. Anak Krakatau & Sunda Strait Tsunami Indonesia Case Study 2018. This means coastal defences will be maintained and replaced to protect the town. What are the environmental impacts of economic development in Nigeria? Human. Studying with Academic Integrity. What are the economic and environmental issues of energy production? Siloso beach is a high tourist attraction and the breakwaters have been used and integrated in tourist attractions such as 'MegaZip'. - Coastline mainly made up of cliffs (20-30m high), made of soft, easily eroded . GCSE. It recognises the importance of the coast for peoples livelihoods. Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. What problems are caused by global warming? This allows sand to settle, and increases dune size. Sanctuary scholarships. In the case of humans, we use the coastline for agriculture, for fishing, for industry and power generation, for transport routes and for land upon which to live. What are the effects of deforestation in the Amazon? Author: David James Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9812873937 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 396 View. Managing the wider coastal zone in terms of people and their economic livelihoods, social and cultural well being, safety from coastal hazards and minimising environmental and ecological impacts. Tuition fees. They can have a step or bullnose profile. Wooden fence-like barriers are built at right angles at the beach. Study Notes: Coastal Systems & Landscapes Revision for A-Level Geography & IB Last updated 4 Jan 2023 Revision study notes on key features of the coastal systems and landscapes topic for A-Level Geography and IB Geography. The coastline needs to be managed to protect against increasing coastal erosion, flooding and sea-level changes. What does this mean? If you've found the resources on this site useful please consider making a secure donation via PayPal to support the development of the site. How are Nigerias trading and political relationships changing? The significance of food, water and energy, An overview of global inequalities in the supply and consumption of resources, Carbon footprints, food miles and moves towards local sourcing of food. Exam place: . Will you pass the quiz? Changing rates of rainforest deforestation. The Coastal System Sediment Cells Waves - destructive and constructive Sub-aerial processes - weathering Marine processes - erosion, transportation and deposition Coastal sediment budget Longshore drift Landforms of coastal erosion This varied coastline is one of the Island's main assets. Why the question: The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper - 2 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable. -Lack of fresh water for drinking and irrigation, as fresh water is diverted from the rivers for irrigation use further upstream. Fig. At t = 0 the charge on the capacitor is zero and the current is 2.00 A. Zoning appears to have been successful in conserving the interested stakeholders in the fishing industry. Coastline management strategies involve hard or soft engineering. -Tidal action: primary natural process shaping the distinctive coastal landscape; a dense network of river channels flows across the clay and silt fluvial deposits. How reliable are economic indicators of development? The table below shows the common types of hard engineering. For the last 12 years, I gained extensive experience not only in preparing and submitting scientific project applications to national and european funding as well as in managing and coordinating different research activities (e.g., scientific writing, statistical analysis, case . The landward retreat of the shoreline can be measured and described over a temporal scale of tides, seasons, and other short-term cyclic processes. What were the reasons for coastal management at Mappleton? How is urban planning improving the quality of life for the urban poor in Mumbai? No active intervention means that it permits natural systems to modify the coastline as they are currently operating. Why does the coastline need to be managed? Write balanced nuclear equations for the following transformations: gold-188 decays by positron emission. This is where all stakeholders have a say in any policy decisions. The idea of cliff stabilisation is to limit the amount of erosion and the potential for landslides, collapse, and falling rocks. The map below shows a range of management strategies and the impact these are having further along the coast. GCSE Geography Study Group 2022-2023; Edexcel A Level Geography Paper 1 9GE0 01 - 27 May 2022 [Exam Chat] A-level Geography Study Group 2022-2023; Does anyone know the 20 markers for the Geography 2022 papers; AQA Geography 2022 paper; Does anyone know the 20 & 9 markers for the Geography 2022 papers; flood management method case studies . Weathering and mass movement in river valleys. They reflect wave energy rather than absorb it, are intrusive and unnatural and are very expensive to build and maintain, 300010,000. Or soft engineering, which works with nature, using natural materials, or allowing nature to take back areas. Accounting & Finance; Business, Companies and Organisation, Activity; Case Studies; Economy & Economics; Marketing and Markets; People in Business; Design & Technology. Fig. It considers 'risks' to local people as well as. This essay will look at three areas in the world where the management of the coastline is paramount to prevent further erosion and destruction of valuable ecological regions. How have animals adapted to cold environments? Taking 17 villages in the Rongcheng of Shandong as an example, this article integrated multidimensional data, including geospatial . Governance approaches include Shoreline Management Plans (SMPs), Sustainable Integrated Approaches (SIA) and Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM). 3 - Gabion reinforced with earth in Sveti Rok, Croatia. Lyme Regis UK Case Study case study, coastal management: lyme regis, dorset, uk place specific info: lyme regis is a small town on the south coast of the uk and . This paper is objective in nature (100 MCQs in 2 hours). Physical Geography . Its 100% free. -Sundarbans is experiencing an alarming rate of sea level change; 3-8mm rise each year. How have animals adapted to the rainforest environment? The Holderness Coast is a great case study to use when examining coastal processes and the features associated with them. The site is self-funded and your support is really appreciated. A case study of a sparsely populated area Himalayan Mountains, A case study of a densely populated area Greater London. The current coastal management plan is to hold the line at Hornsea. -The Sundarbans in the SW Bangladesh and E India, on the delta of the Ganges, Brahruptura and Meghna rivers on the Bay of Bengali. Smaller areas are not considered separately, unlike traditional methods. Each question is of 2 marks. Physical processes that affect the coast include erosion, cliff slumping, deposition and longshore drift. Failure to do so can have a severe economic and social impact, especially along coastlines used for tourism and industry. Coastal management is the focus of several GCSE specifications while some require understanding of managed realignment. Where there are gaps, it means coastal defences are present and working. How can the impacts of climate change be managed? Coastal Systems and Landscapes - Introduction Study Notes Coastal Systems - How Wind Creates Waves Study Notes An SMP has been created for each sediment cell in the UK to help with coastline management. The reason for coastal management is to protect homes and businesses from the devastating effects of coastal flooding and erosion. This means disagreement over how the coast should be protected from threats and which areas should be protected. Almera in Spain: a large-scale agricultural development, Sustainable Food Supplies in an LIC Bangladesh. Management of the coastline is necessary to protect them from coastal erosion. The most striking feature of the town's geography is a headland pointing eastward into the North Sea which separates the sea front into a North Bay and a South Bay. The sediment cells are closed for the purposes of management, although there will be some exchanges between the different sediment cells. 6 - Rip rap at Agua Vista Park in San Francisco, US. Each SMP identifies all the natural and human activities that occur within the coastline area of each sediment cell. What are the four options that an SMP has? mangroves and sea grass have been destroyed by pollution . What is Nigerias location and importance? Strategies have to take into account the following: To achieve this, the following options are available. A Level Geography - Coastal Case Studies (Holderness, Coastal Feature Examples) 15,191 views Feb 27, 2014 204 Dislike Share Save Ben Stockdale 6.88K subscribers A level/GCSE geography. . In addition, reducing erosion in one area of the coastline may exacerbate erosion elsewhere. the entire coastal zone needs to be managed, the importance of the coastal zone to peoples livelihoods. A Level Geography: Coastal Processes, Landforms & Management (Full Pack) CIE International Geography A2 level (Advanced Physical Options - hazardous environments) “How far do you agree that place identity at a local scale is shaped by natural characteristics? Essay, CIE Geography 9696 - Atmosphere and Weather, Hydrology & Fluvial Geomorphology Essay Plans. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The related knowledge and experience attained is applied to assess the vulnerability and risk associated with such hazards. In 1896 the Council decided to link the two bays by the construction of a 1200 metre link road to be known as . Beach nourishment is where the sediment lost through erosion is replaced. How has hot desert vegetation adapted to the climate? Expensive to implement and maintain. What is the structure of the tropical rainforest? Create your own unique website with customizable templates. The Isle of Wight has four coastal defence options: The pine forest is a colonies for the red squirrel. At risk of landslides and property Destruction What Coastal Management Strategies Have Been Used at Lyme Regis? Please wait while we set up your subscription TurnItIn the anti-plagiarism experts are also used by: King's College London, Newcastle University, University of Bristol, University of Cambridge, WJEC, AQA, OCR and Edexcel, Business, Companies and Organisation, Activity, Height and Weight of Pupils and other Mayfield High School investigations, Lawrence Ferlinghetti: Two Scavengers in a Truck, Two Beautiful People in a Mercedes, Moniza Alvi: Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan, Changing Materials - The Earth and its Atmosphere, Fine Art, Design Studies, Art History, Crafts, European Languages, Literature and related subjects, Linguistics, Classics and related subjects, Structures, Objectives & External Influences, Global Interdependence & Economic Transition, Acquiring, Developing & Performance Skill, Sociological Differentiation & Stratification, Less than half the price of our monthly plan.